2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-172552
    RECTAS-2.0
    RECTAS-2.0 is a small molecule designed to correct RNA mis-splicing caused by the GLA c.639+919G>A mutation, used for the research of Fabry disease.
    RECTAS-2.0
  • HY-B0147R
    Pefloxacin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Pefloxacin (Standard) (Pefloxacinium (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Pefloxacin (HY-B0147). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pefloxacin (Pefloxacinium) is a broad spectrum antibiotic. Pefloxacin blocks DNA replication by inhibiting DNA gyrase. Pefloxacin inhibits DNA relaxation catalyzed by topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 45 μg/mL. Pefloxacin exhibits antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacteroides fragilis with MIC90s of 0.12, 4, and 16 mg/L, respectively. Pefloxacin has anti-Plasmodium yoelii infection activity. Pefloxacin increase UVA-induced edema and immunesuppression. Pefloxacin can be used for infection studies.
    Pefloxacin (Standard)
  • HY-P10516
    BRC4 peptide
    BRC4 peptide is a specific peptide in BRCA2 protein that interacts with RAD51 protein to help repair broken DNA chains. BRC4 peptide can be used to study DNA repair mechanisms and cancer occurrence.
    BRC4 peptide
  • HY-W017443S3
    L-Asparagine-15N2,d3 monohydrate
    L-Asparagine-15N2,d3 monohydrate is the deuterium and 15N-labeled L-Asparagine monohydrate (HY-W017443). L-Asparagine monohydrate is an essential amino acid for leukemic cells and a substrate for L-Asparaginase. L-Asparaginase is a potent anti-leukemic enzyme that promotes asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) depletion and inhibits protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts. Removal of L-asparagine from plasma by L-Asparaginase results in inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and subsequent apoptosis. L-Asparaginase has cell-killing ability in vitro and in vivo, and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells with low asparagine synthetase (AASNS) expression. L-Asparagine monohydrate can be used as a biomarker and sensor for the study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    L-Asparagine-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>3</sub> monohydrate
  • HY-133608
    4,6-Dichloroguaiacol
    4,6-Dichloroguaiacol induces biochemical and morphological changes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro.
    4,6-Dichloroguaiacol
  • HY-101400S2
    Deoxycytidine triphosphate-13C9,15N3 dilithium
    		Activator
    Deoxycytidine triphosphate-13C9,15N3 (dCTP-13C9,15N3 dilithium; 2′-Deoxycytidine-5′-triphosphate-13C9,15N3) dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled Deoxycytidine triphosphate (HY-101400). Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate that can be used for DNA synthesis. Deoxycytidine triphosphate has many applications, such as real-time PCR, cDNA synthesis, and DNA sequencing.
    Deoxycytidine triphosphate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>9</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub> dilithium
  • HY-133646
    Bromochloroacetonitrile
    		Inhibitor
    Bromochloroacetonitrile is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. Bromochloroacetonitrile possesses direct acting mutagenic activity and is capable of inducing DNA strand breakage.
    Bromochloroacetonitrile
  • HY-178032
    PARP1-IN-44
    		Inhibitor
    PARP1-IN-44, an Olaparib (HY-10162) derivative, is an orally active PARP1 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.6 nM), and also inhibits PARP2 (IC50 = 1.0 nM) and PARP7 (IC50 = 7.5 nM). PARP1-IN-44 has selective antiproliferative activity against BRCA-deficient cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. PARP1-IN-44 induces G2/M phase arrest, promotes apoptosis, elevates ROS levels, disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential. PARP1-IN-44 suppresses PARylation while increasing γH2AX accumulation. PARP1-IN-44 activates the cGAS-STING pathway, upregulating IFN-β and CXCL10 expression. PARP1-IN-44 enhancing CD8+ T cell infiltration in a CT26 tumor mouse model, demonstrating robust in vivo antitumor efficacy.
    PARP1-IN-44
  • HY-117000
    D156844
    		Agonist
    D156844 (Compound 11a) is a SMN2 promoter activator with an EC50 of 4 nM. D156844 increases the mRNA expression of the mouse SMN in NSC-34 cells and human SMN2 promoter in severe type I spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) fibroblasts as well as full-length human SMN protein. D156844 overcomes DHFR inhibition. D156844 can be used for SMA research.
    D156844
  • HY-115929
    DENV-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    DENV-IN-4 is a potent DENV inhibitor (DENV EC50=4.79 μM, Vero CC50>100 μM, SI>20.9). DENV-IN-4 can inhibit the expression level of DENV2 with concentration-dependence and reduce RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzymatic activity. DENV-IN-4 has antiviral effect.
    DENV-IN-4
  • HY-143482
    MMV688844
    		Inhibitor
    MMV688844 is a potent Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) DNA Gyrase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2 μM. MMV688844 has bactericidal properties against Mabs bamboo with a MIC50 of 12 μM. MMV688844 can be used for researching anti-bacteria.
    MMV688844
  • HY-B0919R
    Azaserine (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Bamethan (hemisulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bamethan (hemisulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bamethan (DL-Bamethane) hemisulfate is a vasodilator that exhibits significant activity in enhancing blood flow and reducing vascular resistance. Bamethan hemisulfate plays a crucial role in the treatment of cardiovascular conditions by improving oxygen delivery to tissues. Bamethan hemisulfate also aids in the management of hypertension through its relaxing effects on blood vessels.
    Azaserine (Standard)
  • HY-W768571
    Pseudouridine-13C,15N2
    Pseudouridine-13C,15N2 is the 13C- and 15N-labeled Pseudouridine (HY-113061). Pseudouridine is an isomer of uridine and the most abundant modified nucleoside in non-coding RNA. It fine-tunes and stabilizes regional structures in rRNA and tRNA, maintaining their functions in mRNA decoding, ribosome assembly, processing, and translation. Pseudouridine-modified tRNA fragments can inhibit aberrant protein synthesis and hold promise for research on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-related leukemia..
    Pseudouridine-<sup>13</sup>C,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-125010
    Dicycloplatin
    		Inducer
    Dicycloplatin is a DNA damage inducer. Dicycloplatin induces DNA damage by activating biphosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and triphosphorylated p53. Dicycloplatin can induce cell cycle arrest, inhibit proliferation and lead to apoptosis in prostate cancer PC3 cells and lung cancer NCI/H446 cells. Dicycloplatin can be used in cancer researchr.
    Dicycloplatin
  • HY-158676
    3'-P-dTTP sodium
    3'-P-dTTP sodium is a labeled modified deoxyoligonucleotide (dNTP) that can release pyrophosphate to produce fluorescence and has special applications in gene synthesis and sequencing.
    3'-P-dTTP sodium
  • HY-175466
    BER-IN-1
    BER-IN-1 is a base excision repair (BER) inhibtor, targeting DNA abasic sites. BER-IN-1 cleaves abasic sites via β- and β,δ-elimination mechanisms, disrupts the base excision repair (BER) pathway and leads to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). BER-IN-1 can enhance the effectiveness of the PARP inhibitor Olaparib (HY-10162) in homologous recombination (HR)-proficient cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and SKOV3). BER-IN-1 induces an S-phase arrest and apoptosis companied with Olaparib (HY-10162). BER-IN-1 can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast, cervical and ovarian cancer.
    BER-IN-1
  • HY-171647
    RNAP-σ interaction inhibitor-1
    		Inhibitor
    RNAP-σ interaction inhibitor1 (compound 5d) is an inhibitor of RNA polymerase-sigma factors interaction. RNAP-σ interaction inhibitor-1 exhibits the activity against Streptococci with MIC values of 1-2 µg/mL.
    RNAP-σ interaction inhibitor-1
  • HY-100126R
    Tubercidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tubercidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tubercidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tubercidin (7-Deazaadenosine) is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus. Tubercidin inhibits the growth of Streptococcus faecalis (8043) with an IC50 of 0.02 μM[1]. Tubercidin inhibits polymerases by incorporating DNA or RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis[2]. Tubercidin is a weak inhibitor of adenosine phosphorylase, and interferes with the phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP[1]. Tubercidin has antiviral activity[2].
    Tubercidin (Standard)
  • HY-172537
    Indolimine-214
    		Inhibitor
    Indolimine-214 is a metabolite of M. morganii Indolimine-214 increases the level of γH2AX in HeLa cells. Indolimine-214 can be used in the study of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC).
    Indolimine-214
  • HY-B1972R
    Napropamide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Napropamide (Standard) (Napropamid (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Napropamide (HY-B1972). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Napropamide (Napropamid) is an amide herbicide that can be used to control weeds in fruits, vegetables, tobacco, and ornamental plants. Napropamide mainly exerts its effect by inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division. Napropamide has moderate to high persistence in the field, with a half-life of 24-131 days, and is prone to photodegradation.
    Napropamide (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity